The level of blood pressure indicates the force with which the blood pushes against the walls of the blood vessels. Blood pressure measurement results can fluctuate up or down during the day. This is considered the norm. But if the blood pressure is constantly high, then we are talking about a disease called high blood pressure.
High blood pressure, or high blood pressure, causes serious complications.
The so-called target organs are negatively affected: heart, kidneys, brain, blood vessels, retina. Very often, the consequences of high blood pressure are heart attacks and strokes.
Hypertension
High blood pressure in high blood pressure is dangerous and depends on the margin of error. Normal systolic blood pressure ranges from 120 to 129 mm Hg, diastolic blood pressure from 80 to 84 mm Hg.
The "I. "grade hypertension" is diagnosed when the blood pressure remains between 140/90 and 160/100 mm Hg. This is a mild stage of the disease, in which the continuously elevated blood pressure is not accompanied by damage to the internal organs.
In the initial stages of hypertension, blood pressure rises periodically. Constant stress can cause frequent and long-lasting highs. In a calm neuropsychic state, periods of growth are short-lived and rare.
The success of the treatment of arterial hypertension directly depends on the adherence to the treatment measures and treatment regimen. Strict adherence to the doctor's recommendations will accelerate the reduction of the tonometer reading to the normal level. The effect can last for a very long time.
- headache in the back of the head (often throbbing);
- dizziness;
- sleep disorders;
- the visual effect of "flies";
- heartache.
The danger of high blood pressure lies in the fact that its initial stage is often asymptomatic.
You may not even realize you have high blood pressure. The body quickly adapts to the new indicators, and the patient feels completely normal. Meanwhile, the pathological process spreads and affects the internal organs.
Catastrophic changes in blood vessels can cause kidney failure, heart attack, and stroke, which take the patient by complete surprise.
Lifestyle changes can have a positive effect on blood pressure levels.
- ensure restful sleep;
- avoid stressful situations;
- exercises to relax the body;
- follow the diet;
- increases physical activity.
If these measures do not help to cope with high blood pressure, the patient is prescribed medication. After the examination, the doctor will tell you which medicine is most suitable for normalizing blood pressure.
High pressure
High blood pressure due to high blood pressure should be treated immediately! The 2nd degree of hypertension (moderate) is characterized by an increase from 160/100 to 180/110 mmHg. In order to bring your indicators to a normal level at this stage of the disease, it is necessary to use drugs. When examining patients diagnosed with stage 2 hypertension, enlargement of the left ventricle of the heart is often detected.
Severe hypertension is diagnosed when blood pressure rises above 180/110 mm Hg for a long time. Such high rates are usually accompanied by serious complications such as stroke, heart attack and kidney failure.
High blood pressure is the most common cause of death and disability due to high blood pressure.
- heart rhythm disorder;
- nose bleeding;
- pain in the area of the heart;
- headache;
- disturbance of coordination of walking and movements;
- severe visual impairment;
- muscle weakness;
- paralysis (due to impairment of cerebral circulation);
- to cough up blood;
- inability to self-serve;
- speech disorder;
- obscuration of consciousness.
To treat severe high blood pressure, strong drugs are prescribed or the dose of standard drugs is increased. Patients with chronic pathology take pills for the rest of their lives.
Prevention of high blood pressure
If you have not yet been diagnosed with high blood pressure, it should be a daily goal to lower your blood pressure to normal levels.
- maintain a normal body weight;
- eat less salt;
- adhere to a system of moderate physical activity;
- stop smoking and reduce the consumption of alcoholic beverages;
- consumption of potassium-containing foods (the average daily potassium requirement for an adult is 3500 mg);
- include fresh fruits and vegetables and low-fat dairy products in your daily diet.
Proper nutrition
- The daily diet should be balanced in terms of protein, fat and carbohydrates. Daily intake for adults: proteins - 100 g, fats - 100 g, carbohydrates - 400 g.
- The consumption of light carbohydrates (quickly converted into glucose) should be reduced.
- Reduce the amount of salt you eat.
- Enrich your daily menu with foods rich in vitamins, potassium, magnesium and other useful microelements.
- Replace animal fats with vegetable oils.
- Include seafood rich in iodine and fatty acids in your diet.
- Creating the right diet: the number of meals per day is 5, the last meal 2 hours before bedtime.
- Give preference to boiled or steamed foods.
- Daily fluid intake should not exceed 1. 5 liters (including liquid dishes and tea).
If there are no chronic disorders or vascular diseases, such simple measures should be sufficient to normalize blood pressure.
In case of stage 1 hypertension, the consumption of certain foods should be limited. In the case of 2nd and 3rd year - completely excluded.
It is strictly not recommended for hypertensive patients to include in their diet:
- rich fish and meat broth;
- fatty pork and lamb;
- strong coffee and tea;
- beef fat, lard;
- hot spices;
- baked goods, cakes, pastries;
- salted and pickled vegetables, radishes;
- mayonnaise, fatty sauces;
- chocolate, cocoa;
- sweet soda;
- alcohol and tobacco.
Blood pressure lowering products
| The nutritional content of the products | List of sample products |
|---|---|
| Folic acid | Tomatoes, spinach, citrus fruits, peas, beans |
| Lactic acid | Sauerkraut, low-fat fermented milk products |
| vitamin C | Rosehips, garlic, currants, lemon |
| Coarse fiber | Potatoes, cereals, vegetables, herbs, berries and fruits |
| Phosphorus, magnesium, potassium | Nuts, seafood, seeds |
The list of products can be expanded if we follow the basic principles of preparing a menu for hypertensive patients.
Blood pressure changes throughout the day. Particularly sharp fluctuations are observed in hypertensive patients. It is low in the morning, then increases after a meal and decreases again. In the evening, the blood pressure is significantly higher than the morning level. And at night during sleep, it can decrease sharply in patients with arterial hypertension. These surges are more severe than in healthy people.
Normalizing blood pressure in high blood pressure can save a person's life and prevent heart attack or stroke.